Development of a Scale to Measure Intrapersonal Psychological Empowerment to Participate in Local Tourism Development: Applying the Sociopolitical Control Scale Construct to Tourism (SPCS-T)

Future tourism development must be guided by thoughtful and effective policies that represent the interests of a majority community members to maximize positive minimize negative impact on communities. Effective rely support an engaged citizenry made up residents who feel psychologically empowered. The primary purpose this study was develop topic-specific measure sociopolitical control in order provide reliable quantitative tool evaluate host Confirmatory factor analysis yielded indices acceptable model fit construct validity revised Sociopolitical Control Scale for Tourism (SPCS-T). present provides empirical evidence policymakers researchers interested gauging future can successfully apply SPCS-T context.